The Little Bustard is distributed from the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco to Western China and is in decline in most of these areas. The main breeding populations are found in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), which accounts for between 50% and 70% of the world's population.

The current population of bustards is estimated at 23,000 individuals, which represents approximately 50% of the world total for the species. The majority of the population is located in Castile-Leon (46%), followed by Extremadura (30%), Castile-La Mancha (16%) and Madrid (5%).

This species has suffered a notable population decline (over 30%) in recent decades due to hunting in the past and the progressive loss of its habitat.

Source: Libro Rojo de las Aves de España